How to achieve a reliable operation of high power laser diodes with injection locking. The phase and amplitude of the injectionlocked laser can be modulated. Rosehulman institute of technology, 2007 a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy. A laser diode, ld, injection laser diode ild, or diode laser is a semiconductor device similar to a lightemitting diode in which a diode pumped directly with electrical current can create lasing conditions at the diodes junction 3 laser diodes can directly convert electrical energy into light. Theoretical analysis of optical injection locking in.
On injectionlocking of inhomogeneously pumped semiconductor. The laser cavity consists of a waveguide terminated on each end by a mirror. Injection seeding without frequency locking is often applied to qswitched lasers and to optical parametric oscillators, and sometimes incorrectly called injection locking. Laser frequency fixation by multimode optical injection locking. Modeling the injection locked behavior of a quantum dash semiconductor laser nader naderi, mike pochet, fr ed eric grillot, nathan terry, vassilios kovanis, luke lester to cite this version. Leisher the semiconductor laser was invented in 1962, and has recently become ubiquitous in modern life. Reduction in fm noise by means of cw light injection and fm noise accumulation in cascaded injection locked laser amplifiers are discussed, together with the optimum design for. Nov 22, 20 injection locking of a semiconductor laser to a multifrequency reference beam article pdf available in the european physical journal d 687 november 20 with 4 reads how we measure reads. Injection locking in distributed feedback semiconductor lasers. Abstract the phasefront quality of the primary spatial lobe emitted from an injection locked gainguided algaas laser diode array is measured by using an equalpath, phaseshifting machzehnder interferometer. The surrounding cladding layers provide an energy barrier to confine carriers to the active region. Simulation of strongly injectionlocked semiconductor ring lasers feihung chu follow this and additional works at. Injection locking of a semiconductor laser to a multifrequency reference beam article pdf available in the european physical journal d 687.
Injection locking of diode lasers to frequency modulated source. The injected signal can be used to change the mode of operation of the laser from pulsation to cw. Longitudinal mode selection in diode lasers by injection locking has been studied using the standard multimode rate equations with an optical injection term, and with the effects of spontaneous emission included. Mapping of ising models onto injectionlocked laser systems shoko utsunomiya, kenta takata, and yoshihisa yamamoto. Rp photonics encyclopedia semiconductor lasers, laser diodes. Request pdf sidemode injection locking characteristics of 150 mw algaas semiconductor lasers a highpower algaas semiconductor laser was sidemode injection locked for laser cooling with. Injection locking, semiconductor diodes, semiconductor lasers, aberration, far fields, interferometers. The power ratio of central injected mode to total spectrum power was 94%. Simulation of strongly injectionlocked semiconductor ring. Injection locking and pulling effects are observed in numerous types of physical systems, however the terms are most often associated with. Injection locking and pulling effects are observed in numerous types of physical systems, however the terms are most often associated with electronic oscillators or laser resonators. Semiconductor optoelectronics farhan rana, cornell university p p p p np n v the number of photons leaving the cavity from the mirrors is therefore, p p p o p p o n n v the output power p of the laser is. In the case of cw injection, there is a wide range of injection frequencies leading to singlemode emission, but twomode lasing is also predicted for lasers exhibiting strong intrinsic chirp. Semiconductor injection laser diodes emitting in the near infrared are now finding applications in optical fibre communication, consumer products such as digital discs, and optical recording.
There is a great variety of different semiconductor lasers, spanning wide parameter regions and many different application areas. The relation of the locking bandwidth versus the ratio of locked laser to injected power was consistent with the analysis on injection locking phenomena by adler. The term selfinjection locking is sometimes used for a technique which is somewhat related to the technique explained above. Injectionlocked semiconductor lasers for realization of novel rf photonics components by nazanin hoghooghi b. Jun, 2016 we report on a device to electronically stabilize the optical injection lock of a semiconductor diode laser. Fixation of the optical frequency of slave laser to the frequencies between two adjacent modes by multiple optical injection locking is investigated. Small edgeemitting laser diodes generate a few milliwatts or up to 0. Injection locking in algaas semiconductor laser ieee xplore. Reduction in fm noise by means of cw light injection and fm noise accumulation in cascaded injection locked laser amplifiers are discussed, together with the optimum design for an injection locked repeater system. Nader naderi, mike pochet, fr ed eric grillot, nathan terry, vassilios kovanis, et al modeling the injection locked behavior of a quantum dash. Injection locking of diode lasers to frequency modulated. Singlemode operation of an algaas double heterostructure semiconductor laser directly modulated at 500 mbits data rate was realised by injection locking.
The phasefront quality of the primary spatial lobe emitted from an injectionlocked gainguided algaas laserdiode array is measured by using an equalpath. Kimura, injection locking in algaas semiconductor laser. Singlemode operation of 500 mbits modulated algaas. Nader naderi, mike pochet, fr ed eric grillot, nathan terry, vassilios kovanis, et al modeling the injectionlocked behavior of a quantum dash. Monolithic colliding pulse modelocking of algaasgaas and. Clairon abstract we present a laser system which in a simple way generates two raman beams for a velocity selection or cooling experiment. Injection locking characteristics of an algaas semiconductor laser. Rp photonics encyclopedia injection locking, single. Injection locking of semiconductor modelocked lasers for.
Injectionlocked, single frequency, multicore ybdoped. Osa mapping of ising models onto injectionlocked laser systems. This means that the laser resonator receives some optical feedback usually with some spectral filtering. The semiconductor is made in unique manner for the semiconductor laser. Modulatable narrowlinewidth semiconductor lasers l. Ohtsua national bureau of standards, boulder, colorado 80303 received 28 march 1988. Injection locking of a semiconductor laser to a multifrequency reference beam article pdf available in the european physical journal d 687 november 20 with 4 reads how we measure reads. Kimura, optical fm signal amplification and fm noise reduction in an injection locked algaas. Pdf injection locking of a semiconductor laser to a. Chaos synchronization in semiconductor laser systems is a recent hot topic in nonlinear. Laser frequency fixation by multimode optical injection. The most dominant reason is the complex spatiotemporal dynamics in semiconductor diode.
The ability to generate phasestabilized trains of ultrafast laser pulses by modelocking underpins photonics research in fields, such as precision metrology and spectroscopy. For that matter, injectionlocked semiconductor lasers are pro. Singlefrequency optical spectrum and single lobe farfield pattern are observed as a. We discuss our recent progress in iimproving the phase noise of a semiconductor laser using selfinjection locking of to a mode of a highq whispering gallery mode resonator.
Injection locking of a gaalas laser by coupling into nonlasing fabryperot modes is described. The signal from a dmoil semiconductor laser is divided into two. Locking of a slave laser mode as far as 22 mode spacings 60 a away from the gain curve centre is obtained. In reality a semiconductor laser is simply a semiconductor diode. Injection locking of semiconductor lasers has been largely considered previously with the aim of increasing their dynamic coherence properties. Sidemode injection locking characteristics of 150 mw algaas semiconductor lasers article in optics communications 178.
The linewidth of the master laser was extended to 380 mhz by using a frequency modulation technique. Characteristics of periodone oscillation generated by nonlinear dynamics of semiconductor lasers under optical injection and optoelectronic feedback paper. The power ratio of the dominant mode to the total emitted power is improved from less than 0. Longterm mutual phase locking of picosecond pulse pairs. This paper describes experimental results on the injection locking of highpower broadarea semiconductor lasers in a commercially available 19laser array driven by a common current source. Singlefrequency optical spectrum and single lobe farfield pattern are observed as a result of injection locking. Optical signals using semiconductor ring laser muhammad irfan memon, student member, ieee, gabor mezosi, bei li, student member, ieee, dan lu, zhuoran wang, marc sorel, and siyuan yu, member, ieee abstractoptical injection locking and cavity enhanced fourwave mixing in semiconductor ring lasers have been used to gen. Phasefront measurements of an injectionlocked algaas laserdiode array. Selfinjection locking and phaselocked states in microresonatorbased optical frequency combs pascal delhaye 1, scott b. Locking e ciency is analyzed for semiconductor distributed feedback dfb as well as fabryperot fp lasers operating at 690 nm, 1060 nm, 1550 nm, and 2 m. Driven by voltage, the doped pntransition allows for recombination of an electron with a hole. These devices have movpe grown ridge waveguide laser struc. Highspeed modulation of optical injectionlocked semiconductor.
Pdf injection locking is a well known and commonly used method for coherent light. In the next time the technical improvement of diode lasers stimulated hope for better results also for non mechanical steering. Laser diodes use heterojunctions to achieve simultaneous carrier and photon confinement in the active region. The injectionlocking of an inhomogeneously pumped twosection semiconductor laser enhances continuous wave cw operation. Injection locking of diode lasers to frequency modulated source k. Simulation of strongly injectionlocked semiconductor ring lasers. Injection locking characteristics of indium arsenide quantum dash lasers by aaron moscho b. Injection locking in aigaas semiconductor laser, ieee j. Semiconductor lasers and laser dynamics ix, conference details.
Semiconductor lasers types, applications, construction. On phase noise of selfinjection locked semiconductor lasers. Highspeed modulation of optical injectionlocked semiconductor lasers ming c. The fabrication of tsection colliding pulse modelocked tcpm gaasalgaas quantum well lasers is described. Diddams 1 1national institute of standards and technology nist, boulder, co 80305, usa microresonatorbased optical frequency combs have been a topic of extensive research during the last few years. The 19 mcf laser cores operated in cw mode at 1030 nm. Phasefront measurements of an injectionlocked algaas. Injection locking is a particularly interesting method to reduce laser linewidth,1.
This paper describes experimental results on the injection locking of highpower broadarea semiconductor lasers in a commercially available 19 laser array driven by a common current source. In the pulsation regime, it causes an increase of the pulsation frequency. The nonlinear laser equations can easily be solved. The phenomena of spectral narrowing and power switching between the dominant freerunning mode and the injected target mode are illustrated and discussed. Note that injection locking is more than injection seeding. Injection locking of broadarea semiconductor lasers for. When the second oscillator merely disturbs the first but does not capture it, the effect is called injection pulling. Index termssemiconductor laser, bandwidth, modulation response, optical. Laser structure and principle of operation laser diodes consist of a n diode with an active region where electrons and holes recombine p resulting in light emission.
Injection locking of broadarea semiconductor lasers for free. The processing techniques and properties are described here in the last decade the semiconductor injection laser. Pdf injection locking of a semiconductor laser to a multi. We discuss our recent progress in iimproving the phase noise of a semiconductor laser using self injection locking of to a mode of a highq whispering gallery mode resonator.
Our technique uses as discriminator the peak height of the lasers transmission signal on a scanning fabryperot cavity and feeds back to the diode current, thereby maintaining maximum optical power in the injected mode. Hui et al injection locking in dfb semiconductor lasers. However, the seed signal then comes from the same laser, rather than from an external seed laser. Stability analysis and synchronization of injectionlocked. Enhancement of the modulation dynamics of an optically injection. Stability analysis and synchronization of injectionlocked semiconductor lasers with optical feedback yoshiro takiguchi, kohji ohyagi, and junji ohtsubo faculty of engineering, shizuoka university, 351 johoku, hamamatsu, 4328561 japan. Oct 22, 2019 as illustrated in figure 7, the algaas laser diode consists of a double heterojunction formed by an undoped or lightly pdoped active region surrounded by higher bandgap p and n al x ga 1x as cladding layers. Modeling the injectionlocked behavior of a quantum dash semiconductor laser nader naderi, mike pochet, fr ed eric grillot, nathan terry, vassilios kovanis, luke lester to cite this version. Mapping of ising models onto injectionlocked laser systems. Optical phase modulation in an injection locked algaas.
Kimura, injection locking in aigaas semiconductor laser, ieee j. A highpower algaas semiconductor laser was sidemode injection locked for laser cooling with frequency 0 ghz away from freerunning states. The original concepts of semiconductor lasers dates from 1961, when basov et al. Semiconductor laser based, injection locking was performed for efficient excitation of subjects.
For example, filtered optical feedback can be provided to a. Pdf injection locking of a semiconductor laser to a multifrequency. Simulation of strongly injection locked semiconductor ring lasers feihung chu follow this and additional works at. For the first time, we demonstrate injection locking and single frequency operation of a multicore ybdoped phosphate fiber laser mcf. A laser diode, ld, injection laser diode ild, or diode laser is a semiconductor device similar to a lightemitting diode in which a diode pumped directly with electrical current can create lasing conditions at the diodes junction. The injection locking of an inhomogeneously pumped twosection semiconductor laser enhances continuous wave cw operation. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements. Diddams 1 1national institute of standards and technology nist, boulder, co 80305, usa microresonatorbased optical frequency combs have been a topic of extensive research. By measuring the beat notes between two temperaturestabilized free running algaas lasers, the linewidth was. May 01, 2000 a highpower algaas semiconductor laser was sidemode injection locked for laser cooling with frequency 0 ghz away from freerunning states. May 23, 2017 the ability to generate phasestabilized trains of ultrafast laser pulses by mode locking underpins photonics research in fields, such as precision metrology and spectroscopy. Phasefront measurements of an injectionlocked algaas laser. Kimura, optical fm signal amplification and fm noise reduction in an injection locked algaas semiconductor laser, electron.
In the double heterostructure, stimulated emission occurs only within a thin active layer of gaas, which is sandwiched between p and n doped algaas layers that have a wider band gap. Sidemode injection locking characteristics of 150 mw. Arfan sindhu tistomo and sangyoun gee advanced photonics research institute, gwangju institute of science and technology, gwangju. Jan 23, 2019 for the first time, we demonstrate injection locking and single frequency operation of a multicore ybdoped phosphate fiber laser mcf. Intermodal injection locking of semiconductor lasers. Selfinjection locking of semiconductor laser diodes to integrated highq microresonators conference presentation. Injectionlocked semiconductor lasers for realization of. Injection locking in fabryperot cavity semiconductor lasers has been the subject of a large number of papers,11 but, although distributed feedback dfb lasers are among the most important industrial lasers used in optical telecommunications, the theoretical study of injection locking in dfb lasers or more complex structure. Modeling the injectionlocked behavior of a quantum dash.
In addition, a laser diode contains an optical cavity where stimulated emission takes place. Theoretical analysis of optical injection locking in semiconductor. These results are confirmed in experiments carried out on a 1. Lau, xiaoxue zhao department of electrical engineering and computer sciences, university of california, berkeley, california 94720, usa. Enhanced modulation dynamic performance of opticallyinjected. Injection locking, semiconductor laser, phase noise, dfb laser. Schawlow with a ruby laser, 1961 semiconductors can be used as small, highly e cient photon sources in lasers. The material which often used in semiconductor laser is the gallium arsenide, therefore semiconductor laser is sometimes known as gallium arsenide laser. The dependence of the locking bandwidth on the injected power and the wavelength separation between the freerunning and injected mode is described.
Fabrication and characterization of edgeemitting semiconductor lasers dr. Active stabilization of a diode laser injection lock. Sidemode injection locking characteristics of 150 mw algaas. Theoretical analysis of a method for extracting the phase of a phase. Abstract injection locking of an algaas doubleheterostructure laser was studied with respect to locking frequency width and locking gain. This thesis focuses on the development of a semiconductor laser fabricating process which utilizes semiconductor manufacturing technology in a.
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